Parts of Type

Here's a reference guide on the different parts of typography.

Apex- the part of the letter where two strokes meet, for example the top of the "A" where the left and right strokes meet.
Arm- the arm is one stroke of the letter that does not connect at both ends, for example one side of the "V."
Ascender- the part of a letter that extends out from the middle of the character, like the line that extends at the top of the lowercase "d".
Baseline- the invisible line on which the letter sits.
Bowl- the rounded part of letters like "d," "o," and "b."
Cap height- the measurement of a capital letter from the baseline.
Counter- the area of some letters that is enclosed in the rounded parts. For example, in "o" and "B."
Crossbar- the horizontal lines that join two strokes, for example in "A" and "H."
Descender- the part of some letters that descend down under the baseline, like in "j" and "y."
Ear- a small decorative stroke that is at the top of the bowl in "g" in some instances.
Finial- the curved ending of some letters, for example in "c" or "e."
Ligature- when two letters are connected as a single character.
Spine- the curve in the middle of "S."
Stem- the vertical stroke of a letter.
Terminal- the curved end of a letter that doesn't include a serif, like the bottom of "t."
x-height- the measurement of the letter x, from the baseline to the top of the lowercase letters.